In 1364, a lawsuit brought a moneychanger and a veterinary surgeon into conflict before de Valencian civil justice's Court. The veterinary surgeon was accused of negligence due to a bad practice. The details about the nature of the veterinary art contents and practice, as well as the kind of man that used to practice it, emerge from the trial witnesses' voices with an unusual richness of nuances. The quality of the information provided by this superb document and by other complementary sources from the Royal Chancellery and the city archives has been useful to Carmel Ferragud to explain one of the worst known medical occupations in the medieval Crown of Aragon and in Western Europe: animal care. The study emphasizes the significance that horses had in late medieval society as well as other beasts such as the ones addressed to human consume, dogs, birds of prey or even wild animals kept in palaces. The high value given to some animals forced to look for solutions to raise them and to properly pay attention to them in their diseases following the principles of galenism which is also the basis that supported human medicine. So, veterinary art theoretical basis, present in preserved manuscripts, have been contrasted with its daily practice, which was carried out in the workshops of the streets of gothic Valencia. Summing up, this research brings us closer to the medieval word from an unknown point of view. However it had a great weight in that society, which was maintained during centuries.